What is a lateral cephalogram?
A lateral cephalogram is a radiographic examination used in orthodontics and facial orthopedics. It consists of a lateral radiograph of the patient's head, which allows for the analysis and evaluation of the bone and dental structures present in the craniofacial region. This examination is fundamental for the diagnosis, planning, and monitoring of orthodontic and surgical treatments.
How is a lateral cephalogram performed?
A lateral cephalogram is performed using an X-ray machine, which emits controlled and safe radiation for the patient. The patient is positioned in front of the machine, with their head fixed in a specific position, so that the image is obtained properly. During the examination, the patient must remain still and follow the instructions of the professional in charge.
What structures are evaluated in a lateral cephalogram?
In a lateral cephalogram, various bony and dental structures present in the craniofacial region are evaluated. Among the most important structures are:
1. Craniofacial skeleton:
A lateral cephalogram allows for the analysis of the craniofacial skeleton, including the skull, mandible, and facial structures. It is possible to assess the position and size of these structures, identifying possible asymmetries or disproportions.
2. Tooth position:
A lateral cephalogram also allows for the evaluation of tooth position, both upper and lower teeth. It is possible to check if the teeth are correctly aligned, if there is crowding or diastemas, and if there are occlusion problems.
3. Relationship between the jaws:
Furthermore, the lateral cephalogram allows for the analysis of the relationship between the jaws, that is, the relationship between the mandible and the upper jaw. This analysis is fundamental for the diagnosis of problems such as crossbite, open bite, deep bite, among others.
4. Cephalometric analysis:
The lateral cephalogram is also used to perform cephalometric analysis, which consists of measuring and evaluating various dimensions and angles present in the craniofacial region. This analysis allows for a more precise and detailed assessment of bone and dental structures, assisting in the planning of orthodontic or surgical treatment.
What are the indications for a lateral cephalogram?
Lateral cephalogram (LCG) is indicated in several cases in the fields of orthodontics and facial orthopedics. Among the main indications are:
1. Orthodontic diagnosis:
A lateral cephalogram is used to aid in the diagnosis of orthodontic problems, such as malocclusion, dental misalignment, facial growth problems, among others. It provides important information for orthodontic treatment planning.
2. Surgical planning:
In cases of facial deformities or more complex problems, a lateral cephalogram is used to assist in planning orthognathic surgeries. It allows for a detailed analysis of bone and dental structures, aiding in defining the surgical plan.
3. Treatment follow-up:
Lateral cephalograms are also used to monitor the progress of orthodontic or surgical treatment. They allow for comparison of images before and after treatment, verifying the results obtained and making adjustments if necessary.
Conclusion
A lateral cephalogram is a fundamental radiographic examination in the field of orthodontics and facial orthopedics. It allows for the analysis and evaluation of the bone and dental structures present in the craniofacial region, assisting in the diagnosis, planning, and monitoring of orthodontic and surgical treatments. With the proper use of this tool, professionals in the field can obtain precise and detailed information, providing more efficient and personalized treatment for each patient.
